Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Evaluation of the Public Health Emergency Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daegu, Korea During the First Half of 2020: Hwajin Lee, Keon-Yeop Kim, Jong-Yeon Kim, Sin Kam, Kyeong Soo Lee, Jung Jeung Lee, Nam Soo Hong, Tae-Yoon Hwang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(4):360-370. Published online June 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.068

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study evaluated the response in Daegu, Korea to the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic according to a public health emergency response model.
Methods
After an examination of the official data reported by the city of Daegu and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as a literature review and advisory meetings, we chose a response model. Daegu’s responses were organized into 4 phases and evaluated by applying the response model.
Results
In phase 1, efforts were made to block further transmission of the virus through preemptive testing of a religious group. In phase 2, efforts were concentrated on responding to mass infections in high-risk facilities. Phase 3 involved a transition from a high-intensity social distancing campaign to a citizen participation–based quarantine system. The evaluation using the response model revealed insufficient systematic preparation for a medical surge. In addition, an incorporated health-related management system and protection measures for responders were absent. Nevertheless, the city encouraged the participation of private hospitals and developed a severity classification system. Citizens also played active roles in the pandemic response by practicing social distancing.
Conclusions
This study employed the response model to evaluate the early response in Daegu to the COVID-19 pandemic and revealed areas in need of improvement or maintenance. Based on the study results, creation of a systematic model is necessary to prepare for and respond to future public health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Summary

Korean summary
이 연구는 공중보건 위기대응 모형을 적용하여 코로나19 1차 유행에 대한 대구시의 대응을 평가하였습니다. 모형의 세부적 요소인 15개 역량에 따른 평가 결과, 대구의 대응에서 개선 또는 유지해야 할 영역들이 확인되었습니다. 이 결과를 바탕으로, 한국형 공중보건 위기대응 모형을 체계적으로 구축해야 할 것입니다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Factors influencing psychological concerns about COVID-19 in South Korea: direct and indirect damage during the early stages of pandemic
Min-sung Kim, Sung-il Cho
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Estimation of the Effectiveness of a Tighter, Reinforced Quarantine for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: Analysis of the Third Wave in South Korea
Marn Joon Park, Ji Ho Choi, Jae Hoon Cho
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2023; 13(3): 402. CrossRef

Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and the Risk of Dementia in the Korean Elderly: A 10-Year Nationwide Cohort Study: Min-Ah Nah, Kyeong Soo Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(1):56-63. Published online January 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.117

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Abstract Summary PDF

Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the risk of dementia in the Korean elderly.
Methods
A 10-year retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort database. We excluded those who were under 65 years of age as of January 2006 (n=46 113), those who were diagnosed with dementia between 2002 and 2005 (n=9086), and those with a history of stroke prior to AF diagnosis (n=8392). We used a Cox proportional hazards model with a time-varying covariate to determine whether AF is associated with the risk of dementia after adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
In univariable Cox regression, the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia according to AF status was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 1.33). After adjusting for potential confounders, AF was found to increase the risk of dementia (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17), Alzheimer dementia (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17), and vascular dementia (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.18). In patients diagnosed with AF, the incidence of dementia was lower (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.52) in patients who were treated with oral anticoagulants.
Conclusions
Investigating the potential risk factors of dementia in an aged society is important. We found a slightly higher risk of dementia in those with AF than in those without AF, and we therefore concluded that AF is a potential risk factor for dementia.

Summary

Korean summary
본 연구에서는 국민건강보험공단 노인표본코호트 자료를 사용하여 심방세동의 유무가 치매의 발생위험과 연관되어 있는지 분석하였다. 잠재적인 교란변수들을 통제하여 분석한 결과 심방세동은 치매(HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.17), 알츠하이머 치매(HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.17), 혈관성 치매(HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.18) 발생과 연관되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한 편, 심방세동 환자에서의 항응고제 복용은 치매 발생위험(HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.52)을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of risk factors on the development and mortality of early- and late-onset dementia: an 11-year longitudinal nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea
Min Young Chun, Wonjeong Chae, Sang Won Seo, Hyemin Jang, Jihwan Yun, Duk L. Na, Dongwoo Kang, Jungkuk Lee, Dustin B. Hammers, Liana G. Apostolova, Sung-In Jang, Hee Jin Kim
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Progressive Memory Decline in a Patient With Atrial Septal Defect: Case Report and Literature Review
Yaw Amo Wiafe, Gordon Manu Amponsah, George Asafu Adjaye Frimpong, Isaac Kofi Owusu
Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports.2023; 16: 117954762311767. CrossRef
FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL E DEMÊNCIA VASCULAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Caroline Melo de Sousa, Milena Nunes Alves Sousa, Fabrício Kleber de Lucena Carvalho
Revista Contemporânea.2022; 2(3): 739. CrossRef
A systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the effect of oral anticoagulants on incidence of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation
Mingjie Lin, Wenqiang Han, Jingquan Zhong, Lin Wu
International Journal of Clinical Practice.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation: Short versus long follow‐up. A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Marco Zuin, Loris Roncon, Angelina Passaro, Cristina Bosi, Carlo Cervellati, Giovanni Zuliani
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2021; 36(10): 1488. CrossRef
Clinical Utility of the Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease
Bin Zhou, Masanori Fukushima
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(22): 8661. CrossRef

Frequency and Related Factors of Masked Hypertension at a Worksite in Korea: Sang-Kyu Kim, Jun-Ho Bae, Dung-Young Nah, Dong-Wook Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Kyeong-Soo Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(3):131-139. Published online May 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.3.131

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

Masked hypertension is associated with metabolic risks and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of and risk factors of masked hypertension in Korean workers.

Methods

The study was conducted among 121 employees at a hotel in Gyeongju, Korea, from December 2008 to February 2009. We measured blood pressure (BP) both in the clinic and using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitors for all subjects. Hypertension was defined independently by both methods, and subjects were classified into four groups: true normotension, masked hypertension, white coat hypertension, and sustained hypertension.

Results

The frequency of masked hypertension in our study group was 25.6%. Compared with true normotension, the factors related to masked hypertension were male gender (odds ratio [OR], 10.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41 to 81.09), aging one year (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.99), clinic BP 120-129/80-84 mmHg (OR, 8.42; 95% CI, 1.51 to 46.82), clinic BP 130-139 / 85-89 mmHg (OR, 12.14; 95% CI, 1.80 to 81.85), smoking (OR, 5.51; 95% CI, 1.15 to 26.54), and increase of total cholesterol 1 mg / dL (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08). In males only, these factors were clinic BP 120-129 / 80-84 mmHg (OR, 15.07; 95% CI, 1.55 to 146.19), clinic BP 130-139 / 85-89 mmHg (OR, 17.16; 95% CI, 1.56 to 189.45), smoking (OR, 11.61; 95% CI, 1.52 to 88.62), and increase of total cholesterol 1 mg/dL (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.09).

Conclusions

The frequency of masked hypertension was high in our study sample. Detection and management of masked hypertension, a known strong predictor of cardiovascular risk, could improve prognosis for at-risk populations.

Summary

Citations

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Does This Adult Patient Have Hypertension?
Anthony J. Viera, Yuichiro Yano, Feng-Chang Lin, David L. Simel, Jonathan Yun, Gaurav Dave, Ann Von Holle, Laura A. Viera, Daichi Shimbo, Shakia T. Hardy, Katrina E. Donahue, Alan Hinderliter, Christiane E. Voisin, Daniel E. Jonas
JAMA.2021; 326(4): 339. CrossRef
Prevalence and determinants of masked hypertension among obese individuals at the Yaoundé Central Hospital: a cross-sectional study in sub-Saharan Africa
Bâ Hamadou, Sylvie Ndongo Amougou, Yolande Tchuendem, Chris Nadège Nganou-Gnindjio, Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate, Audrey Joyce Foka, Aurel T. Tankeu, Ahmadou Musa Jingi, Alain Patrick Menanga, Samuel Kingue
Blood Pressure Monitoring.2020; 25(4): 212. CrossRef
Frequency of masked hypertension and its relation to target organ damage in the heart
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The Egyptian Heart Journal.2016; 68(1): 53. CrossRef
Relationship between epistaxis and hypertension: A cause and effect or coincidence?
Nabil Abdulghany Sarhan, Abdulsalam Mahmoud Algamal
Journal of the Saudi Heart Association.2015; 27(2): 79. CrossRef
Blood pressure variability over 24 h: prognostic implications and treatment perspectives. An assessment using the smoothness index with telmisartan–amlodipine monotherapy and combination
Gianfranco Parati, Helmut Schumacher
Hypertension Research.2014; 37(3): 187. CrossRef

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